Employee and Employer Contributions
Most 403(b)/401(k) plans separate employee salary deferrals and employer contributions. A QDRO can award a portion of either or both components to the alternate payee (ex-spouse). Typically:
- Employee contributions are fully vested and can be divided regardless of how long the employee worked there.
- Employer contributions may be subject to a vesting schedule. The QDRO can only award what’s vested at the time of division.
Your attorney must review detailed plan statements and confirm vesting status to ensure the QDRO doesn’t award amounts the participant hasn’t earned.

