Employee and Employer Contributions
401(k) plans commonly include:
- Employee Deferrals: These are contributions made from the participant’s salary and are always 100% vested.
- Employer Matching Contributions: These may be subject to a vesting schedule, meaning the participant earns rights to them over time.
In your QDRO, it’s critical to spell out whether the alternate payee spouse is receiving only vested amounts or a share of all contributions, which may include non-vested portions. If the nonparticipant spouse is awarded a percentage, some of that percentage can be lost due to unvested employer contributions unless the QDRO explicitly states otherwise.

