1. Employer and Employee Contributions
Unlike pensions, 401(k) plans are based on defined contributions. Contributions can include:
- Employee deferrals: These are usually 100% vested and always divisible via QDRO.
- Employer matching or profit-sharing: These may be subject to a vesting schedule. Only the vested portion can be awarded to the alternate payee.
It’s vital to determine the vested portion at the QDRO valuation date, which is usually the date of divorce or an agreed-upon date in the judgment.

