Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) plans typically include two types of contributions:
- Employee contributions – Always 100% vested and usually eligible for division under a QDRO
- Employer contributions – May be subject to a vesting schedule, which can impact what gets divided
When drafting your QDRO, make sure to specify whether the alternate payee (usually the ex-spouse) is only receiving a share of the vested balance or also any part of future vesting rights. If you don’t clarify this, disputes can arise later—as can costly revisions.

