1. Dividing Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) plans like the Smart Sand, Inc.. Retirement Plan typically include two types of contributions:
- Employee-deferrals: These are pre-tax or Roth contributions made directly from the employee’s paycheck. They’re always 100% vested.
- Employer contributions: These include company matching contributions, which may be subject to a vesting schedule.
A solid QDRO must distinguish between these accounts. Many divorcing spouses are surprised to see employer contributions excluded from division because they weren’t vested at the time of separation or order. We make sure to clarify which portions apply and address any unvested balance loss.

