1. Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) accounts often include both employee salary deferrals and employer matching or profit-sharing contributions. It’s crucial to understand which parts are marital property:
- Employee contributions made during the marriage are generally considered divisible marital property.
- Employer contributions may be partially or entirely unvested, depending on the plan’s vesting schedule.
Determining what portion of contributions was made during the marriage—and which employer contributions are vested—is critical to avoiding under- or over-assignment in the QDRO. Be sure to request and review participant statements or a plan summary document during divorce proceedings.

