Employee and Employer Contributions
401(k)s typically involve two sources of money: your own salary deferrals and employer contributions. When creating a QDRO, you’ll need to specify how to divide these sources:
- Employee contributions are typically 100% vested, so the alternate payee is entitled to their portion of this no matter what.
- Employer contributions may be subject to a vesting schedule (more below), and unvested amounts could be forfeited upon separation from employment.
In many cases, the QDRO can specify a division of the total account balance or may break down the award by source (employee vs. employer contributions). It’s important to know what’s vested and what’s not at the time of divorce.

