Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) plans include both employee and employer contributions. While employee contributions are always 100% vested, employer contributions may be subject to a vesting schedule. Your QDRO should address the following:
- Will the alternate payee receive only the vested portion of employer contributions as of the division date?
- Should the division include gains or losses from the valuation date to the distribution date?
We often see QDROs rejected because they don’t align with the plan’s specific vesting rules. Knowing what is vested and what’s still forfeitable is key.

