Employee vs. Employer Contributions
In a 401(k), the employee puts in salary deferrals, and the employer may match or give additional contributions. Your QDRO should clearly state whether the alternate payee (usually the spouse) is entitled to just the employee’s share, or both employee and employer contributions — and for what timeframe.
This gets complicated when the marriage didn’t span the entire length of the participant’s employment. In those cases, a “marital coverture” formula might make sense, dividing only the portion earned during the marriage.

