Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) QDROs must clearly distinguish between:
- Employee Contributions: These are usually marital property if made during the marriage.
- Employer Contributions: These may be subject to vesting schedules—meaning only some or none may be owned at the time of divorce.
Be sure your QDRO carefully outlines whether just the vested portion, or both vested and unvested employer contributions, are to be divided. If the participant is not fully vested at the time of divorce, the plan administrator may reject a QDRO that attempts to award unvested amounts.

