1. Employee and Employer Contributions
Most 401(k) plans include amounts contributed by the employee and employer. While employee contributions are immediately vested, employer contributions may be subject to a vesting schedule. Any QDRO that attempts to divide the plan must account for which portions are vested, and which are not.
- Fully Vested Contributions: These are eligible for division and may be transferred to the alternate payee.
- Unvested Contributions: If unvested at the time of divorce, they cannot be awarded. However, future vesting can sometimes be anticipated and referenced in the order—but only if the terms of the plan allow it.

