1. Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) plans often include both employee deferrals and employer contributions. Not all employer contributions are fully vested at the time of divorce. If your spouse (the plan participant) is not fully vested, only the vested portion is subject to division. Your QDRO must clearly define which contributions are being divided—and whether they are based on account balances as of the divorce date or QDRO approval date.

