Employee vs. Employer Contributions
In most 401(k) plans, employees can contribute through payroll deductions, and employers may also contribute, usually through matching or profit-sharing arrangements. Some employer contributions come with a vesting schedule.
Your QDRO must distinguish between:
- Employee contributions (typically 100% vested)
- Employer contributions (which may be partially or fully unvested at the time of division)
Unvested employer contributions cannot be divided in a QDRO. If your spouse doesn’t own 100% of their employer match, it’s important to understand what portion is legally divisible. A good attorney will draft language to account for forfeitures and reversion if vesting changes after the divorce.

