1. Loan Balances
If the plan participant has taken out a loan from their 401(k), that outstanding balance affects the account’s value. A QDRO must state whether the division occurs before or after subtracting loans. Many plans—and courts—default to excluding loans to avoid unfairly charging the Alternate Payee for money the participant already used.
At PeacockQDROs, we always clarify how to treat loan balances so the outcome is exactly what the parties intended.

