1. Employee and Employer Contributions
401(k) plans are funded through two main channels: employee salary deferrals and employer contributions. In a divorce, you must consider both:
- Employee Contributions: These are usually 100% vested immediately and can be divided directly via QDRO.
- Employer Contributions: These may be subject to a vesting schedule. Only the vested portion is divisible upon divorce. Unvested funds typically remain with the employee spouse.

