Employee vs. Employer Contributions
In most 401(k) plans, employee contributions are fully vested immediately, but employer profit-sharing contributions might be subject to a vesting schedule. The QDRO needs to specifically limit the award to “vested benefits” or include a reference date that dictates what was vested on that date.
Failing to address vesting could accidentally assign unvested amounts to an alternate payee—amounts they’ll lose if the participant leaves the job early.

