1. Employee vs. Employer Contributions
The balance in a 401(k) account often includes both employee and employer contributions. However, employer contributions are usually subject to a vesting schedule. This means the participant doesn’t own (and can’t divide) the full employer contribution until certain employment requirements are met—such as working a specified number of years.
When drafting your QDRO, make sure to:
- Separate vested vs. non-vested portions
- Include clear language on whether the alternate payee (spouse receiving a share) is entitled only to vested amounts as of the divorce date

