Know Your Account Types: Traditional vs. Roth
401(k) accounts often include both traditional pre-tax and Roth after-tax contributions. These are taxed differently if rolled over or distributed, so your QDRO must specify how each type will be divided.
- Traditional 401(k): Taxes are deferred. Distributions to the alternate payee are taxed when taken.
- Roth 401(k): Contributions are after-tax. If the Roth account is qualified, distributions may be tax-free.
If both types exist in the plan, the QDRO should clearly differentiate them to avoid future tax issues or plan rejections.

