1. Employee vs. Employer Contributions
Dividing a 401(k) must begin with identifying what actually belongs in the marital “pot.” Employee contributions are almost always considered marital (at least the portions contributed during marriage). Employer contributions, however, may be subject to vesting schedules. That means the employee might not own all of those funds yet.
When drafting a QDRO, it’s important to:
- Specify whether only vested balances should be divided
- Decide if gains and losses should be included from the division date to the distribution date
- Clarify if pre-marital or post-separation contributions should be excluded

