1. Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) plans typically include both employee contributions and matching employer contributions. Your QDRO should specify whether the alternate payee (usually the non-participant spouse) is receiving a portion of:
- All account balances (employee + employer), or
- Only the employee’s own contributions (depending on what was negotiated)
If the divorce is early in the participant’s career, employer contributions may be partially unvested. This is where the vesting schedule comes into play.

