Employee vs. Employer Contributions
A participant’s 401(k) account generally includes the contributions they made from their paycheck and, if offered, matching or discretionary contributions made by the employer. Typically:
- Employee contributions are 100% vested immediately
- Employer contributions may be subject to vesting schedules
If you’re the spouse receiving benefits through a QDRO (called the “alternate payee”), you only receive the portion of employer contributions that were vested as of the division date. Unvested employer funds are not transferable through a QDRO and may be forfeited if the employee separates before vesting.

