1. Employee vs. Employer Contributions
Contributions in a 401(k) come from both the employee and the employer. Many people assume they can split the entire 401(k) balance in a divorce, but employer contributions may be subject to a vesting schedule. A good QDRO will specify whether the division includes:
- Only the vested balance, or
- Both vested and unvested amounts
It’s also important to factor in the date of division—does the order apply to the account balance as of the date of separation, the date of divorce, or the date of QDRO approval?

