Employee and Employer Contributions
In most 401(k) plans—especially profit-sharing ones—there are both employee and employer contributions. A QDRO can divide both types, but only the portion that is vested. For example, if the participant spouse has been with the company for a shorter time, some or all of the employer contributions may not yet be vested, meaning they cannot be awarded to the alternate payee (the non-employee spouse).
Before drafting the QDRO, it’s important to:
- Obtain the participant’s full account statement
- Determine which funds are vested and which are still subject to forfeiture
- Include language addressing vested versus unvested balances

