Step 1: Determine Eligibility and Account Types
Start by understanding what types of retirement contributions are in the account:
- Traditional 401(k) assets are pre-tax and grow tax-deferred. These are typically dividable via QDRO.
- Roth 401(k) assets are after-tax. These are also dividable, but require separate handling, including tax implications for the recipient spouse.
- Employee contributions are always 100% vested, while employer contributions may have vesting schedules that could reduce the divisible portion.

