Employee vs. Employer Contributions
401(k) plans generally include two types of contributions:
- Employee Contributions: Always fully vested and divisible by QDRO.
- Employer Contributions: May be subject to a vesting schedule. Only vested amounts can be divided in a divorce.
One key issue in QDRO drafting is making sure it only divides what actually exists and is divisible on the date of division. If the employee spouse is not fully vested in employer contributions, the alternate payee won’t receive that unvested portion—even if you try to include it in the QDRO. The plan administrator will reject that part of the order.

