1. Pre-Tax vs. Roth Accounts
This plan may include both traditional (pre-tax) and Roth (after-tax) subaccounts. These have different tax consequences that should be carefully handled in the QDRO:
- Roth Subaccounts: Distributions are generally tax-free, but only if the five-year aging and qualified distribution rules are met.
- Traditional Subaccounts: Distributions are taxable unless rolled into another pre-tax retirement account.
If you’re the alternate payee, ask whether the account includes Roth funds. Your QDRO should clarify how Roth and traditional balances are divided. Mixing the two unintentionally can result in unexpected tax bills or penalties.

