Employee and Employer Contributions
One of the most important factors in dividing a 401(k) is how to handle contributions:
- Employee Contributions: These are considered marital or separate depending on the date of the marriage and the earnings period.
- Employer Contributions: These contributions may be subject to vesting. If they are unvested at the time of division, they may not yet belong to the employee, and the alternate payee (non-employee spouse) can’t claim them unless the employee vests in the future. The QDRO can state whether unvested amounts are included but may be subject to later forfeiture.

