1. Contributions: Employee vs. Employer
401(k) plans typically include both employee (participant) contributions and employer matches or profit-sharing contributions. In divorce, both types can be split through a QDRO, but employer contributions may be subject to a vesting schedule.
Your lawyer should specify in the QDRO whether the non-employee spouse (alternate payee) will receive:
- Only the vested portion as of a set date (e.g., date of separation or divorce)
- Future increases in account value—including investment gains and losses
- A portion of employer contributions that become vested after the valuation date

