Employee Contributions vs. Employer Contributions
With a 401(k), employees contribute pre-tax or Roth dollars from their paycheck, while the employer may also contribute through matching or profit-sharing. These employer contributions often come with a “vesting schedule,” meaning the employee only owns them fully after a certain number of years.
Your QDRO must clearly state how to handle contributions that are not yet vested. Courts typically limit the ex-spouse’s share to what was vested as of the date of separation or divorce, but in other cases, the order includes post-separation gains or losses.

