1. Employee and Employer Contributions
All 401(k) plans are based on both participant contributions and, often, employer matching funds. In divorce, only the marital portion—what was earned or contributed during the marriage—is usually divided. That includes both the employee’s contributions and any employer matches made during that time. Complications arise when:
- Employer contributions are subject to a vesting schedule
- The employee stayed with the company only briefly
- There were irregular or fluctuating contributions
A well-prepared QDRO will specify how to divide only those portions of the account that count as marital property according to your state’s laws.

