1. Employee and Employer Contributions
In most 401(k) QDROs, contributions made during the marriage are considered marital property. That includes:
- Pre-tax employee contributions
- Employer matching contributions
- Any earnings on both sets of contributions
But here’s the catch—employer contributions are often subject to vesting. If some of these contributions are not fully vested as of the date of division or account separation, the alternate payee (non-employee spouse) may not be entitled to that portion. The QDRO has to specify whether non-vested funds are included, and what happens if they’re forfeited.

