Loan Balances
If the employee spouse (the “participant”) has an outstanding 401(k) loan, it affects the account value. One common mistake is failing to account for loan balances in the QDRO. You must decide whether the loan will:
- Reduce the marital share
- Be treated as an after-marriage loan that should be excluded
- Be the sole responsibility of the participant
This decision needs to be reflected clearly in the QDRO to avoid dispute or confusion at payout.

